General Facts
Colombian Flag
Created by General Francisco de Miranda in March 12 from 1806 at La Vela harbor, and was officially adopted on November 26 from 1861.
The primary colors are yellow, blue and red. Yellow stands for our country’s richness. Blue, for our coasts on the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and red evokes the blood of our Independence heroes.
National Flower
The cattleya trianae orchid, also known as “May flower” or “May lily”, is Colombia’s national flower since 1936.
Main Cities
Bogotá D.C., Cali, Medellin, Cartagena and Barranquilla.
Language and Currency
Spanish is the main language and the currency is “el peso”. One peso equals 100 centavos.
Landscape
The topography characteristics from Colombia are the mountainous chain of the Andes, which crosses most of the country from the central and west part in north and south direction. The Andes is divided in three chains that move parallel. To the East of the Oriental mountain chain are extensive tropical chains. At the South of the country abound the Virgin jungles, where moves the Caquetá river ending at the Amazon river.
Climate
In spite of the fact that most part of the Colombian territory is located in the “Torrid Zone”, the climate changes in agreement to the altitude. The plains of the coast and the deep valleys of the Magdalena river have in all the year high temperatures with an average between 24ºC and 27ºC. Above the 3000 m begin the climatic moderate and cold zones, with a temperature between 18ºC and 13ºC. The season of rain and the dry season are alternated every three months, being the very rainy coast, the Pacific Region.
Fauna and Flora
On the coast of the Caribbean Sea grow Swamps and coconut palms. In the sylvan regions, we can find a diversity of trees such as Mahogany, guayacán, oak, walnut, cedar, pine and different types of Balsam trees. In the Colombian animal world we can find the biggest mammals from Southamerica such as jaguars, Pumas, tapirs, pecaríes, lazy bears, zarigüeyas, as well as different species of monkeys and deer.
In the Tropical regions we can find different types of serpents. Between the local birds we can find the condor, the vulture, the toucan, the parrot, the cockatoo, the crane, the stork, and the colibrí.
Colombia Coffee Zones
Colombian coffee zones are located in the departments of Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cesar, Caquetá, Casanare, Cundinamarca, Guajira, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, and Valle del Cauca. These regions possess optimal climate and atmospheric conditions for the growth of coffee.
Cultural Heritage
The most amazing places in Colombia considered natural heritage are; Maloka; Bogotá, Gold Museum; Bogotá, La Casa Natal del General Francisco de Paula Santander Museum, Natural Colombia Museum; Bogotá and Natural science Museum.
Natural World Heritage Sites
These are considered by the world heritage Committee UNESCO. Cartagena de Indias (1984), Parque Nacional de los Katíos, Antioquia-Chocó (1994), los parques arqueológicos de San Agustín; Huila, Tierradentro; Cauca, y el Centro Histórico de Santa Cruz de Mompox; Bolívar (1995).
What to wear
In cooler areas like Bogotá, wear a light woolen suit or dress.Pullovers are recommended for evenings. In the warm zone, light and casual. A rain coat is always useful.
Regions
Colombia has five important regions. This regions are; The Pacific region, the Andina region, Orinoquía region, Amazon region and Caribbean region and Insular region (this regions contains all the Colombian islands).
Economy
Commerce, Agriculture (consumes about the 63% of the sweet water in Colombia), Mining industry, the Coffee and the Ranching.
Hotel Infraestructure
Most of the Hotels we can find are 4* and 5*.
International Airport
Our amazing airport is called “Aeropuerto El Dorado”. At this moment it’s having a big transformation.
Colombian Music
The cumbia is the traditional Colombian musical genre. Cumbia combines their contributions. It is performed in groups by couples who dance in a circle to the beat of the drums and gaita music and hold a lit candle in their hands.
In this moment, vallenato and national pop music are the stars of the world’s musical scene. Colombian music is an always-reinventing melting pot of tendencies and rhythms.
Natural Parks
Colombia has 55 Natural Parks where we can find an amazing variety fauna and flora, and a variety of gorgeous landscapes. Some of the most important parks are; Amacayacú, Chingaza, Cocuy, San Bernardo, Gorgona, Los Nevados del Ruiz, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Tayrona, Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta and El Nevado del Huila.
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